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Dear Peter, </div>
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I wanted to respond to the point you made that:</div>
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<div><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;">'So the moral is that University libraries do not fight to preserve the public domain or CC-BY*. In a sad extension of this many libraries (including the British Library
- whom I FOI'ed) will take the easy way and apply charges for everything because it is too difficult to determine whether anything is in the public domain or CC-BY*. Thus the BL charges people to read my Open Access papers online, and 120-year old chemical
publications are regarded as belonging to the journal (and hence chargeable) because they can't prove the authors are dead.</i><font face="Calibri,sans-serif"><i>’</i></font></div>
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In my experience, it is really not the case that University libraries do not fight to preserve the public domain. Our readers understandably demand online access to materials which they can otherwise only see by visiting a reading room. We respond to this
by digitising the materials to make them digitally available. Unfortunately, digitisation is expensive, and the fact is, that library budgets are under pressure everywhere. One way in which libraries have responded to reader demands for online access, is by
signing time-limited, non-exclusive deals with commercial publishers in which the publishers invest in digitisation (at no cost, or very low cost to the library) and a licence is signed with the publisher to provide commercial access to the content. Therefore
online access is charged for to the end-user, for a limited period of time, to enable the publisher to re-coup their investment and make a return (which is necessary otherwise they would not be incentivised to invest). </div>
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It is not the case that the access is put behind a paywall because rights can’t be cleared. Quite the opposite, substantial time and due diligence is carried out to ensure that the copyright status of the underlying content can be clarified before digitisation
takes place so that the rights of the underlying rights holder are not infringed, if indeed the material is in copyright. After a period of time, usually 10-15 years, the digitised materials are then made freely available for all under an open licence, again
usually CC-BY or CC-0. </div>
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Without such innovative commercial agreements, libraries would not be able to afford the costs of investment in digitisation and their collections would remain in analogue form, for only those with a reader’s card to use, in a reading room in the library. I
do understand that this is contentious to some, but in my experience such commercial agreements enable huge collections to be digitised which otherwise would be restricted by their physical nature, and then after a period of time the public domain is preserved.</div>
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One such example is the Bodleian Libraries’ EEBO-TCP (Early English Books Text Creation Partnership) digitisation and transcription project with Proquest, in which the first 25,000 transcribed texts have recently been released into the public domain: </div>
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<a href="http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/tcp-eebo">http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/tcp-eebo</a>/ and <a href="http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/eebotcp">http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/eebotcp</a>/ </div>
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In this case the underlying analogue texts were very clearly in the public domain to begin with, so due diligence of the copyright status was not necessary, but the investment required to digitise the entire corpus would have been £millions.</div>
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In my opinion, these kinds of agreements have the potential to transform scholarship by giving online access that otherwise would be simply unaffordable for libraries to deliver.</div>
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I can’t comment on the British Library access to your papers because I don’t know the details, but I will forward your query to colleagues at the British Library to respond to.</div>
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Thanks and kind regards,</div>
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Lucie</div>
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<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Calibri">Lucie Burgess</font></font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Calibri">Associate Director for Digital Libraries</font></font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Calibri">Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford</font></font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Calibri">Clarendon Building, Broad Street, Oxford</font></font></div>
<div>Senior Research Fellow, Hertford College</div>
<div>Tel: +44 (0)1865 277104</div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Calibri">+44 (0)7725 842619</font></font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Calibri">Twitter @LucieCBurgess</font></font></div>
<div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000"><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Calibri">LinkedIn LucieCBurgess</font></font></div>
<div><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">http://orcid.org/</span><font color="#000000"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">0000-0001-6601-7196</span></font></div>
<div><span style="font-size: 15px; color: red;">Get ready for the REF</span><span style="font-size: 15px; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> – <a href="http://openaccess.ox.ac.uk/home-2/act-on-acceptance/" style="color: purple;">Act on Acceptance</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-weight:bold">From: </span>Peter Murray-Rust <<a href="mailto:pm286@cam.ac.uk">pm286@cam.ac.uk</a>><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Reply-To: </span>"Global Open Access List (Successor of AmSci)" <<a href="mailto:goal@eprints.org">goal@eprints.org</a>><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Date: </span>Wednesday, 10 February 2016 15:57<br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">To: </span>"Global Open Access List (Successor of AmSci)" <<a href="mailto:goal@eprints.org">goal@eprints.org</a>><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Subject: </span>[GOAL] Re: Can time-stamped PDF's qualify as OA?<br>
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<div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, Feb 10, 2016 at 2:51 PM, Walker,Thomas J <span dir="ltr">
<<a href="mailto:tjw@ufl.edu" target="_blank">tjw@ufl.edu</a>></span> wrote:<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Peter Murray-Rust’s posting about $400 study packs based on articles published with CC-BY rights statements opened my eyes to a part of OUP/ESA’s
business plan I had missed—the use of time-stamped PDFs to make money from students of the teachers who use study packs that include articles by ESA authors in any of ESA’s four principal journals. OUP has slapped time stamps and notices of an ESA copyright
on all articles in the four journals going back to 1908 for Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer. and J. Econ. Ent, and to 1972 and 1965 for J. Med. Ent. and Envir. Ent.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">This should be illegal, as well as ethically and morally unacceptable.
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<div>It's called Copyfraud by many, including me. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyfraud">
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyfraud</a> gives a good overview. It's a "victimless crime" for Universities and their libraries, because the victims are not the Universities but hoi polloi outside the ivory towers. The people who suffer are artists, naturalists,
policy makers, SMEs, doctors, politicians, and curious minds.<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">This is because ESA has no valid claim of copyright to articles published in its journals before it started requiring authors to sign over their copyrights
to ESA in 1978. Furthermore, JME, for its entire run of being published by Honolulu’s Bishop Museum (1964-1986), never required authors to sign copyright releases. The handover of J. Med. Ent. to ESA resulted in the run from 1987-date being copyrighted by
ESA.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">The magnitude of the deception of OUP claiming an ESA copyright on all articles that ever appeared in ESA’s four journals is that of ESA’s
<b>271</b> “journal-years” of publication (through 2015 and including the first 22 journal-years of JME), ESA could fairly claim copyright to only
<b>103</b> (<b>103/271=38%</b>). <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">That ought to be illegal, but is it? (The evidence is clear cut and online.)</span></p>
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<div>I suffered from this. Springer took all the images published in its journals and stamped COPYRIGHT SPRINGER over all of them and offered them for sale at 60 USD. This included all my publications in BioMedCentral, a CC-BY Open Access journal. I raised
this on my blog as "Springergate", see <a href="https://blogs.ch.cam.ac.uk/pmr/2012/06/06/springergate-springerimages-for-today/">
https://blogs.ch.cam.ac.uk/pmr/2012/06/06/springergate-springerimages-for-today/</a> and preceding/subsequent articles.
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<div>I publicized this - was dismissed by Springer first of all and then it was a "computer glitch" . No one in academia cared.<br>
However Wikimedia cared greatly, because their CC-BY-SA images had also been universally stamped as Springer property. They made a considerable fuss, rightly (explore the blog).<br>
The Editor of BMC then spent time correcting it (it wasn't his fault, it was SpringerImages).<br>
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<div>So the moral is that University libraries do not fight to preserve the public domain or CC-BY*. In a sad extension of this many libraries (including the British Library - whom I FOI'ed) will take the easy way and apply charges for everything because it
is too difficult to determine whether anything is in the public domain or CC-BY*. Thus the BL charges people to read my Open Access papers online, and 120-year old chemical publications are regarded as belonging to the journal (and hence chargeable) because
they can't prove the authors are dead.<br>
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<div>P.<br>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Tom <u></u><u></u></span></p>
<span class="">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">====================================<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Thomas J. Walker<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Department of Entomology & Nematology<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">PO Box 110620 (or Natural Area Drive)<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620<u></u><u></u></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">E-mail:
<a href="mailto:tjw@ufl.edu" target="_blank">tjw@ufl.edu</a> Phone: <a href="tel:352-273-3920" value="+13522733920" target="_blank">
352-273-3920</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Web:
<a href="http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/walker/" target="_blank">http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/walker/</a><u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">====================================<u></u><u></u></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><u></u> <u></u></span></p>
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-- <br>
<div class="gmail_signature">Peter Murray-Rust<br>
Reader in Molecular Informatics<br>
Unilever Centre, Dep. Of Chemistry<br>
University of Cambridge<br>
CB2 1EW, UK<br>
+44-1223-763069</div>
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