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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">Hi all,<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">Under the current US Copyright Act (since 1976), transfer of copyright requires a signed, written agreement:
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">§ 204 . Execution of transfers of copyright ownership<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">(a) A transfer of copyright ownership, other than by operation of law, is not valid unless an instrument of conveyance, or a note or memorandum of the transfer, is in
<u>writing</u> and <u>signed</u> by the owner of the rights conveyed or such owner's duly authorized agent.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><a href="http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html#204"><span style="color:black">http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap2.html#204</span></a> (my emphasis)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">But some of the articles mentioned in Thomas’ post were published before 1976, so one has to refer to the previous version of the Act (1909!), which included a similar provision:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">SEC. 42. That copyright secured under this or previous Acts of the United States may be assigned, granted or mortgaged by an instrument in
<u>writing signed</u> by the proprietor of the copyright...<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><a href="http://copyright.gov/history/1909act.pdf"><span style="color:black">http://copyright.gov/history/1909act.pdf</span></a> (my emphasis)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">Furthermore, at that time, transfer agreements (as well as initial copyright) had to be registered to be valid.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">I could add that the same applies in other jurisdictions (Canada, for instance).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:black">Marc Couture<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-CA" style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="FR" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"">De :</span></b><span lang="FR" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif""> goal-bounces@eprints.org [mailto:goal-bounces@eprints.org]
<b>De la part de</b> Walker,Thomas J<br>
<b>Envoyé :</b> 19 octobre 2015 10:20<br>
<b>À :</b> Global Open Access List (Successor of AmSci)<br>
<b>Objet :</b> [GOAL] For a publisher to claim copyright, must the author sign a contract?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">Annals of the Entomological Society of America</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D"> is a journal, founded in 1904. In it, I published more than 20 papers between 1957 and 2009.
In 1966, ESA began posting a copyright statement on the table of contents of each issue. In 1978 after asking for a vote from ESA members and receiving the consent of the majority, ESA began requiring authors to sign a statement that transferred the copyright
of their work to ESA<i>. Between 1967 and 1977, I published 10 papers in the </i>
ESA Annals<i> and signed no statements in regard to copyrights</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">Early this year, the University of Florida’s institutional repository (<a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/l/ir">IR@UF</a>) hired an intern to work with me to make the PDF files of my contributions to the
journal literature easily available online. At the end of the intern’s project, it turned out that ESA was the only publisher that had refused the IR’s request to post the PDFs of any of my articles. This included 12 items, 6 or which were in other ESA
journals. <i>It did not include the 10 papers published in the Annals in 1967-1977, but that permission was granted only after I protested I had signed no copyright statement.</i> In granting the permission to post the PDFs of these papers, ESA asked that
the Rights Management statement include the URL that would take the user to the free abstract of the article on the Oxford Journal’s server (for example,
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#222222;background:white"><a href="http://aesa.oxfordjournals.org/content/62/4/752">http://aesa.oxfordjournals.org/content/62/4/752</a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white">).
You might notice that at the bottom of the page, the unaffiliated user is offered the opportunity to pay US$39.00 to view a [copy-proof] PDF of my article for 24 hours.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white">Under current US copyright law, does ESA have a valid claim of copyright to my 10 articles published in its
<i>Annals</i> between 1967 and 1977?, even though I signed no copyright statement?<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white">Should you care to view the final product of the intern’s work, it is at
<a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/l/tjwbib">http://ufdc.ufl.edu/l/tjwbib</a>. For a summary of ESA’s copyright history, see its
<a href="http://ufdc.ufl.edu/l/IR00007182/00001">Table 2</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D;background:white"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">Tom<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">====================================<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">Thomas J. Walker<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">Department of Entomology & Nematology<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">PO Box 110620 (or Natural Area Drive)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0620<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">E-mail: <a href="mailto:tjw@ufl.edu">
tjw@ufl.edu</a> Phone: 352-273-3920<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">Web: <a href="http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/walker/">
http://entomology.ifas.ufl.edu/walker/</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D">====================================<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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