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<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><FONT
face=Calibri>Nicolas,<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>A <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>small story about “Libre”, specially
about the French <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>« Libre
Accès”.<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>This terminology
was decided by the small French translators team to which I belonged and who
worked for<SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>the launch of the <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>website of the Budapest Open Access
Initiative, in the beginning of February 2002 </FONT><A
href="http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read"><FONT
face=Calibri>http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read</FONT></A><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>The translators
team was composed of Viviane Bouletreau (who did the major part of the
translation) Jean-Paul <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Ducasse,<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Jean-Claude Guédon, <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Bernard Lang, <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>Stevan Harnad, and myself.
<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>In editing the
translation, I noticed that “Open Access“ <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>which was <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>correctly translated by “Accès Ouvert”,
was not as explicit as it could be and I suggested “Libre Accès” instead.
<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri><SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>I remind Bernard Lang working at INRIA.
(See INRIA <SPAN style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>at </FONT><A
href="http://www.inria.fr/institut/inria-en-bref/inria-en-quelques-mots"><FONT
face=Calibri>http://www.inria.fr/institut/inria-en-bref/inria-en-quelques-mots</FONT></A><FONT
face=Calibri> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>) <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>saying : “I agree with you, because as a
computer scientist I love all that is LIBRE!!! <o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri>For<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>the D day, that is for the <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>13 February<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>2002, only the English and the French
version were online . Below some excerpts <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>from the <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>French version which is at
</FONT></SPAN><A
href="http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/translations/french-translation"><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><FONT
face=Calibri>http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/translations/french-translation</FONT></SPAN></A><SPAN
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US" lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Calibri><FONT
size=3><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt">« Pour
diverses raisons, ce type de mise à disposition en ligne gratuit et sans
restriction, que nous appelons l'</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">accès
libre<SPAN
style="WIDOWS: 1; FLOAT: none; WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px">…</SPAN> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Calibri><FONT
size=3><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt">…L'accès
libre à la littérature des revues à comités de lecture est le but.
L'</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">auto-archivage
(I.)</SPAN><SPAN class=apple-converted-space><SPAN
style="WIDOWS: 1; FLOAT: none; WORD-SPACING: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px"> </SPAN>et
une nouvelle génération de<SPAN
class=apple-converted-space> </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi">revues
alternatives en libre accès (II…</SPAN>»<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri><FONT size=3>After reading this, you can easily
understand that I agree with your idea of spreading the word “Libre" but I
cannot agree with your idea of changing <SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>the terminology, now. It is too late!
<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><FONT size=3 face=Calibri>Have you an idea of the number of documents
missing in a Google search if you type only the word “Libre" for asking for
“Open”? </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Calibri><FONT
size=3><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US>The new comers in the subject will be lost, as usual! What is what
? </SPAN><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US>This new terminology will not help the progress of “Open “or “Libre”
: on the contrary. </SPAN><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US>Furthermore, there is a long story of “Open Access Gratis” and” Open
access Libre “(Cf the discussion between Peter Suber and Stevan Harnad in 2008)
<A
href="http://www.sparc.arl.org/resource/gratis-and-libre-open-access">http://www.sparc.arl.org/resource/gratis-and-libre-open-access</A>
</SPAN></FONT></FONT></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><FONT face=Calibri><FONT size=3>: the number of documents you
will get in a Google search talking about “Libre Access” will be
restricted to this kind of OA!<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><FONT size=3 face=Calibri>A word or a concept is created is by those
who proposed it and who stayed in the first place for talking about it during
many years. You are 15 years too late! Even in 2002, it was too late to change
this "new" terminology.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US></SPAN><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><FONT size=3 face=Calibri>Best wishes.</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><FONT size=3 face=Calibri>Hélène Bosc </FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US></SPAN><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><A href="http://open-access.infodocs.eu/hbosc/"><FONT size=2
face=Arial>http://open-access.infodocs.eu/hbosc/</FONT></A></SPAN></P>
<P style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN
style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; BACKGROUND: white; COLOR: black; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"
lang=EN-US><o:p><FONT size=2 face=Arial></FONT></o:p></SPAN> </P></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Hélène Bosc</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>----- Original Message ----- </FONT>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>From: "Nicolas Pettiaux" <</FONT><A
href="mailto:nicolas@pettiaux.be"><FONT
face=Calibri>nicolas@pettiaux.be</FONT></A><FONT face=Calibri>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>To: "Global Open Access List (Successor of AmSci)"
<</FONT><A href="mailto:goal@eprints.org"><FONT
face=Calibri>goal@eprints.org</FONT></A><FONT face=Calibri>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Cc: "Lawrence Lessig" <</FONT><A
href="mailto:lessig@law.harvard.edu"><FONT
face=Calibri>lessig@law.harvard.edu</FONT></A><FONT face=Calibri>>; "Robert
Darnton" <</FONT><A href="mailto:robert_darnton@harvard.edu"><FONT
face=Calibri>robert_darnton@harvard.edu</FONT></A><FONT
face=Calibri>></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Sent: Wednesday, August 12, 2015 7:00 PM</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri>Subject: [GOAL] libre vs open</FONT></DIV></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Calibri><BR></FONT></DIV><FONT face=Calibri>> Dear
all,<BR>> <BR>> This is only my second message to this list, after
the<BR>> self-presentation, written a little earlier today.<BR>> <BR>>
Much discussion on this list, as well as in the literature and in the<BR>>
academic world today discuss about Open Access, Open Source, Open<BR>>
Innovation, Open Data, Open Educational Resources, Open Curriculum ...<BR>>
OPEN something.<BR>> <BR>> And we have seen the different meanings that
people can give to Open<BR>> Access for example, leading to a further
precision, Green Open Access<BR>> versus Gold Open Access. Different people
have different definitions<BR>> about the single "open" word.<BR>>
<BR>> Such discussion has taken place since a long time in the
software<BR>> communities that I know well. it started with "free software"
in 1981<BR>> lead by Richard Stallman and Eben Moglen, and the words "open
source"<BR>> have been introduced in 1998 by Bruce Perens and Eric
Raymond,<BR>> purposedly to answer possible concerns by the "business world"
about the<BR>> ambiguity of the English "free", meaning gratis (zero cost) as
well as<BR>> libre (as in freedom).<BR>> <BR>> Richard Stallman, who
claims that the ethical aspects are extremely<BR>> important, and I would now
support his views, is not pleased at all with<BR>> the extension that the
words "open source" have taken, replacing "free<BR>> software" in many mouths
and many circumstances.<BR>> <BR>> In the software communities, we have
nearly seen fights and strong<BR>> discussions about such topic, free versus
open software.<BR>> <BR>> In many circles, the adjective "libre", well
known and understood in<BR>> Latin derived languages like Spanish and
English, as emerged to stress<BR>> the aspect linked to the freedom that one
gains, much more than the<BR>> practical and often economical benefits gained
thanks to the freedom and<BR>> the derived openness.<BR>> <BR>> I read
that the word "libre" as been more and more accepted in English<BR>> (see
</FONT><A href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libre_(word"><FONT
face=Calibri>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libre_(word</FONT></A><FONT
face=Calibri>) ), used to describe<BR>> something as being "free" in the
sense of "having freedom" or "liberty"<BR>> and being distinguished fomr the
free (as in "no cost")<BR>> <BR>> I would therefore propose that, as in
knowledge and all related works<BR>> and material, it is the freedom and the
liberty that is the most<BR>> important (and the derived costless access too,
but as derived benefit)<BR>> that we replace all the occurence of "open" by
"libre" to consider<BR>> "libre access", "libre educational resources",
"libre data", "libre<BR>> knowledge", "libre software" ...<BR>> <BR>>
Such a simple word change could lead to larger semantic changes, and<BR>>
even though it could mean new references, and new usages, it could also<BR>>
stress some important facts in most readings I have about these topics,<BR>>
for example in the book "Open Access" by Peter Suber, that the true<BR>>
freedom that the user gains is the one most susceptible to provide<BR>>
larger benefits, and profit mankind.<BR>> <BR>> What do you think about
such a proposal ? ( replace all the occurence of<BR>> "open" by "libre" to
consider "libre access", "libre educational<BR>> resources", "libre data",
"libre knowledge", "libre software" ...)<BR>> <BR>> I am looking forward
to reading from you,<BR>> <BR>> Best regards,<BR>> <BR>>
Nicolas<BR>> <BR>> -- <BR>> Nicolas Pettiaux, dr sc<BR>> </FONT><A
href="mailto:nicolas@pettiaux.be"><FONT
face=Calibri>nicolas@pettiaux.be</FONT></A><BR><FONT face=Calibri>>
<BR>></FONT>
<P></P><FONT face=Calibri>
<HR>
</FONT>
<P></P><FONT face=Calibri>>
_______________________________________________<BR>> GOAL mailing
list<BR>> </FONT><A href="mailto:GOAL@eprints.org"><FONT
face=Calibri>GOAL@eprints.org</FONT></A><BR><FONT face=Calibri>> </FONT><A
href="http://mailman.ecs.soton.ac.uk/mailman/listinfo/goal"><FONT
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