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<p class="MsoNormal"><u><span lang="EN-US">Apologies for cross-posting<o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">As part of Open Access Week 2014, a series of six reports on open access, produced for the European Commission (EC), were posted yesterday on the Science-Metrix website:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports">http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">These reports were produced as part of the EC efforts to monitor the development of open access (OA) availability of peer-reviewed papers in addition to examining policies to promote OA data and scientific publications.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The core report in the series provides definitions for OA scientific papers to address some of the shortcomings of existing definitions which are far too incomplete to grasp the full spectrum of situations encountered
while measuring OA availability. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">The following definitions are suggested:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">A: Access</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—can be open (free), restricted or paid; with unrestricted or restricted
usage rights; quality controlled or not; pre-print (pre-referring), post-print (post-referring), or published version (with final copy editing and page layout); immediate or delayed; permanent or transient.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">OA: Open Access</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—freely available online to all.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">IOA: Ideal OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—free; quality controlled (peer-reviewed or editorially controlled);
with unrestricted usage rights (e.g. CC BY); in final, published form; immediate; permanent.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">RA: Restricted Access</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—access restricted to members of a group, club, or society.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">PA: Paid Access</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—access restricted by a pay wall; includes subscription access,
licensed access, and pay-to-view access.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Restricted OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—free but with download restrictions (e.g. registration required,
restricted to manual download, HTML-only as opposed to self-contained format such as PDF) or re-use rights (e.g. CC NC).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Green OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—OA provided before or immediately after publication by author self-archiving.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Gold OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—immediate OA provided by a publisher, sometimes with paid for publication
fee. Note that several Gold journals have right restriction: they are Gold ROA. For example, of the 38% of journals listed in the DOAJ that use a Creative Common licence, only 53% use the CC-BY licence that would allow them to qualify for the IOA definition
above (Herb, 2014).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:64.35pt;line-height:13.5pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Gold OA Journal</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—journal offering immediate cover-to-cover
access.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:64.35pt;line-height:13.5pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Gold OA Article</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—immediately accessible paper appearing
in a Gold journal, or in a PA journal (the latter is also sometimes referred to as hybrid open access).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:64.35pt;line-height:13.5pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">ROA: Robin Hood OA or Rogue OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—Available for free in spite of restrictions,
usage rights, or copyrights (overriding RA, PA, Restricted OA). As the publishers' copyright policies and self-archiving rules are compiled by the University of Nottingham in the SHERPA/RoMEO database, Rogue OA is synonymous with Robin Hood OA.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">DOA: Delayed OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—access after a delay period or embargo.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:64.35pt;line-height:13.5pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Delayed Green OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—free online access provided by the author
after a delay (due to author's own delay to make available for free) or embargo period (typically imposed by publisher).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:64.35pt;line-height:13.5pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Delayed Gold OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—free online access provided by the publisher
after a delay (e.g. change of policy that makes contents available for free) or embargo period.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:4.0pt;margin-left:92.7pt;line-height:13.5pt">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Delayed Gold OA Journal</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—Journal offering cover-to-cover access after an embargo period or after a delay.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:92.7pt;line-height:13.5pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Delayed Gold OA Article</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—Paper appearing in a Gold journal
or in a PA journal (the latter is also sometimes referred to as hybrid open access) which is available after an embargo period or after a delay.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:92.7pt;line-height:13.5pt"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">TOA: Transient OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—free online access during a certain time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:64.35pt;line-height:13.5pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Transient Green OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—free online access provided by the author
for a certain time which then disappears. Note that a substantial part of Green OA could be Transient Green OA due to the unstable nature of the internet, websites, and institutional repositories, many of which are not updated or maintained after a period
of time and are therefore susceptible to deletion in subsequent institutional website overhauls. There are also integrator repositories that can change access rules, for example after being acquired by a third party.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:64.35pt;line-height:13.5pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Transient Gold OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">—free but temporary online access provided
by the publisher, instead of permanent. Sometimes appears as part of promotion. Note that some Gold journals and articles sometimes become paid access after a certain time, because of revised strategies by a publisher or because they are sold to another publisher
who instaures paid access.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Looking forward, we need to understand these various forms of OA availability. It was beyond the scope of this project to measure all these forms but it is an essential element to address. For example, Robin Hood OA has
hardly been measured and is somewhat of a taboo subject. Transiency is another ill-understood subject that should be addressed by fundamental questions such as; What is the percentage of OA papers which are transient and why is this occurring?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="page-break-after:avoid"><span lang="EN-US">Relative to these definitions, the report has shortcomings. In the present reports, the following operational definitions were used to perform measurement:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:"EC Square Sans Pro Medium";background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Green OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">: refers to papers which are self-archived by authors and available
on institutional repositories as listed in <i>Open</i>DOAR and/or in ROAR. Listings in
<i>Open</i>DOAR and ROAR which correspond to known Gold OA Journals were set aside. Aggregator sites such as CiteSeerX were not considered here, since, even though they access article submissions, they do not constitute a repository in the classical sense.
Likewise, articles in the main PubMed Central sites were not counted as Green as they have curtailed usage rights or limited download rights.</span><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn1" href="#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">[3]</span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">
Because it is commonly difficult to determine whether a paper was self-archived before, at the same time or after publication and also how long it will be available on the internet, Green OA includes Green OA, Delayed Green and Transient Green. Note that some
of these articles may not respect restrictions placed by journal publishers (many of whose rules can be found on SHERPA/ROMEO)</span><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn2" href="#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">[4]</span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">
and therefore contain a certain number of Robin Hood OA papers. Finally, only articles which could be downloaded without user registrations were considered.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Gold Journals OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">: refers to papers appearing in journals listed in the Directory
of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)</span><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn3" href="#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">[5]</span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">
and on the PubMed Central list of journals.</span><a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn4" href="#_ftn4" name="_ftnref4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">[6]</span></span></a><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">
When a paper is published during the first year that a journal appears in the DOAJ, it is not counted. This is a conservative decision due to the fact that one cannot determine whether a journal started publishing Gold articles early or late during the year.
For PubMed Central, only open access journals with full participation and immediate access were considered to be Gold, hence all journals with an embargo and in the 'NIH Portfolio' were not considered. Thus, this category covers articles appearing in Gold
journals and excludes delayed Gold as well as piecemeal Gold (Gold articles in paid access journals, also called hybrid OA).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Other OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">: refers to pretty much everything that could be found on the web by
a determined researcher and downloaded for free and which was not part of the Green and Gold operational definitions above. This comprises articles appearing in journals with an embargo period (Delayed Gold OA); articles appearing on authors' webpages and
elsewhere (both Green OA and Rogue OA); articles appearing on aggregator sites such as ResearchGate and CiteSeerX in addition to PubMed Central. The category comprises both transiently and permanently accessible items as there are no reliable ways to ascertain
at measurement time whether an item will be permanently accessible or not.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif""><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">Total OA</span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"">: The mutually exclusive sum of Green OA, Gold Journal OA, and Other
OA.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">These definitions, though they made sense from an operational point-of-view, are inadequate for the future. They were used in response to comments received on last year’s series of reports. They were a stopgap measure
and reflected what could be done on the project’s budget and with the tools available. More detailed work is required, preferably on a large scale such as was done in this study (sample larger than 1 million randomly selected articles).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">An important aspect of the study which we hope will be followed by other metrology undertakings on OA availability is the use of: 1) large scale measurement to reduce statistical error; 2) use of calibration sample to
determine adjustment by counting precisely recall and precision of the large scale measurement apparatus; 3) applying the calibration to the measured quantities. With hindsight, the application of the second part of the technique is a weak point of the study
as the sample size was too small (500) and added an error of ± 4.5 percentage points. The manual calibration should be closer to 10,000 randomly selected papers to establish a gold standard to reduce additional error to about 1 percentage point (simplified
discussion here, please see report D1.8 for a more elaborate discussion). <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Discussion of the source of data’s characteristics is also essential. We need to have a more in-depth understanding of OA availability per country. I strongly suspect that countries that are not covered by WoS and Scopus
are more likely to have a greater propensity to diffuse knowledge openly (and more so for the former, which partly explains why measuring OA with WoS provides lower scores). Combining WoS with no calibration for recall and precision can lead to a very serious
underestimation of OA availability (missing more than 40% of the actual count of all peer-reviewed papers). It is likely that this study also underestimates OA availability because of the inadequate non-English language scientific literature in Scopus.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Another important contribution of the report is the examination of the scientific impact of OA vs. non-OA literature with three scores: 1) normalised impact of all literature (=1.0); 2) normalised impact of OA literature;
3) normalised impact of non-OA literature. Using a one-million article sample shows the deleterious effect, on average, of non-espousing an OA diffusion strategy. Data are also presented on broad fields of knowledge and show that green OA is king for impact
yet even the younger (on average) gold journals are showing greater impact than the more-established (on average) subscription-based journals in several fields. Seriously designed studies are required to control for embargo to understand how DOA papers are
disadvantaged in terms of scientific impact relative to immediate OA.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">These results are presented at length in the report which can be downloaded from here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/proportion-of-open-access-papers-published-in-peer-reviewed-journals-at-the">http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/proportion-of-open-access-papers-published-in-peer-reviewed-journals-at-the</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">A review of OA policies for scientific publication can be found here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/state-of-art-analysis-of-oa-strategies-to-peer-review-publications">http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/state-of-art-analysis-of-oa-strategies-to-peer-review-publications</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">A review of OA policies for scientific data can be found here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/state-of-art-analysis-of-oa-strategies-to-scientific-data">http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/state-of-art-analysis-of-oa-strategies-to-scientific-data</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">A comparative analysis of OA policies for scientific publications and data can be found here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/comparative-analysis-of-the-strengths-and-weaknesses-of-existing-open-access">http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/comparative-analysis-of-the-strengths-and-weaknesses-of-existing-open-access</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">A synthesis report on OA availability and policies can be found here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/evolution-of-open-access-policies-and-availability-1996-2013-0">http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/evolution-of-open-access-policies-and-availability-1996-2013-0</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Finally, the short version of this synthesis can be found here:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/summary-report-evolution-of-open-access-policies-and-availability-1996-2013">http://science-metrix.com/en/publications/reports#/en/publications/reports/summary-report-evolution-of-open-access-policies-and-availability-1996-2013</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Have a great Open Access Week and we hope you will appreciate these weekend readings.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">Yours sincerely<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">Eric Archambault, Ph.D.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">President and CEO | Président-directeur général<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#0066CC;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">Science-Metrix<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#0066CC;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">Brussels | Montréal | Washington</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">1335, Mont-Royal E<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-MX" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">Montréal, QC H2J 1Y6</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-MX" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">Canada</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA"> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="ES-MX" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">T. 1.</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">514.495.6505 x.111<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">F. 1.514.495.6523<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">E-mail:
</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="mailto:eric.archambault@science-metrix.com" title="mailto:eric.archambault@science-metrix.com
blocked::mailto:eric.archambault@science-metrix.com"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#0066CC;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">eric.archambault@science-metrix.com</span></a></span><u><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#0066CC;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></u></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA">Web:
</span><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#0070C0;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA"><a href="http://www.science-metrix.com"><span style="color:#0070C0">www.science-metrix.com</span></a></span><span lang="FR-CA" style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:FR-CA"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn1" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"ITC Legacy Sans Book"">[3]</span></span></a><span style="font-family:"ITC Legacy Sans Book""> The PubMed Central
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<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn2" href="#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"ITC Legacy Sans Book"">[4]</span></span></a><span style="font-family:"ITC Legacy Sans Book""> http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn3" href="#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"ITC Legacy Sans Book"">[5]</span></span></a><span style="font-family:"ITC Legacy Sans Book""> https://doaj.org/about.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<a style="mso-footnote-id:ftn4" href="#_ftnref4" name="_ftn4" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span style="font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"ITC Legacy Sans Book"">[6]</span></span></a><span style="font-family:"ITC Legacy Sans Book""> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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