[GOAL] [SCHOLCOMM] Knowledge and Equity: analysis of three models

Jo De dnnaoj at gmail.com
Fri Jun 26 20:23:26 BST 2020 

Hi all, at this point two requests:
1. Can we now just coin a term that specifically refers to the good/evil
polarity that constantly seeps into our discussions, especially around
definitions of “open access”?
2. Affirmation of the new and useful thoughts that have reliably over the
years become shaken out of these seemingly “circular” discussions conducted
under the OSI list?
Thanks to all!
Joann

On Fri, Jun 26, 2020 at 2:54 PM Glenn Hampson <ghampson at nationalscience.org>
wrote:

> I’ll conclude and sign off as well. My reply to this approach, again with
> all due respect, is that the **only** way to arrive at the proper
> “principles, governance structures, infrastructures, communities, and more
> that will be needed to create the optimal conditions for scholarship to be
> communicated and used around the world,” is to first understand this space
> better. We can’t just declare that we’re done listening and plow ahead with
> “solutions” without regard for impact or consequences. Of course, if we’re
> of the mindset that this search for common ground is just a waste of time
> or some subterfuge bent on delaying open, then we’re not likely to embrace
> this approach. But if we can get past this trust issue (which is a big *
> *if**), then it’s clear that the benefits of working together and the
> future we can create by working together are vastly superior to the kind of
> open future we arrive at by working alone.
>
>
>
> Best regards---good weekend as well (or as we say here in Seattle, please
> don’t rain again),
>
>
>
> Glenn
>
>
>
>
>
> *Glenn Hampson*
> *Executive Director*
> *Science Communication Institute (SCI) <http://sci.institute>*
>
> *Program Director**Open Scholarship Initiative (OSI)
> <http://osiglobal.org>*
>
> <http://osiglobal.org>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> *From:* Kathleen Shearer <m.kathleen.shearer at gmail.com>
> *Sent:* Friday, June 26, 2020 11:35 AM
> *To:* Glenn Hampson <ghampson at nationalscience.org>
>
> *Cc:* David Wojick <dwojick at craigellachie.us>; Rob Johnson <
> rob.johnson at research-consulting.com>; Heather Morrison <
> Heather.Morrison at uottawa.ca>; scholcomm <scholcomm at lists.ala.org>; Global
> Open Access List (Successor of AmSci) <goal at eprints.org>;
> RADICALOPENACCESS at jiscmail.ac.uk; The Open Scholarship Initiative <
> osi2016-25 at googlegroups.com>; Anis Rahman <abu_rahman at sfu.ca>
> *Subject:* Re: [SCHOLCOMM] Knowledge and Equity: analysis of three models
>
>
>
> Hi all,
>
>
>
> I don’t want to waste too much time going in circles, so just a short
> response:
>
>
>
> The resources below are different ways of conceptualizing open, not really
> definitions. They contribute to a deeper understanding of the concept of
> open, which is a good thing.
>
>
>
> The knowledge commons is a different issue, and it is what we should be
> addressing at this stage of maturity in the transition to open. This
> includes the principles, governance structures, infrastructures,
> communities, and more that will be needed to create the optimal conditions
> for scholarship to be communicated and used around the world.
>
>
>
> If we get bogged down in a discussion of definitions, we will never get
> anywhere (but I suspect that "going nowhere" is in the interest of certain
> parties)
>
>
>
> Anyway, bon weekend! (as they say here in Quebec)
>
>
>
> Kathleen
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Jun 26, 2020, at 2:08 PM, Glenn Hampson <ghampson at nationalscience.org>
> wrote:
>
>
>
> In part David, yes---thank you. But I’m also referring to:
>
>
>
>    - Knoth and Pontika’s Open Science Taxonomy (
>    https://figshare.com/articles/Open_Science_Taxonomy/1508606/3
>    - Fecher and Friesike’s categories of concern regarding open (
>    http://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2272036)
>    - Moore’s boundary object observations (
>    http://doi.org/10.4000/rfsic.3220)
>    - Willen’s intersecting movements critique (
>    https://rmwblogg.wordpress.com/2020/02/29/justice-oriented-science-open-science-and-replicable-science-are-overlapping-but-they-are-not-the-same/
>    )
>    - Bosman & Kramer’s  diversity of definitions assessment (
>    https://im2punt0.wordpress.com/2017/03/27/defining-open-science-definitions/
>    )
>    - OSI’s DARTS open spectrum (
>    https://journals.gmu.edu/index.php/osi/article/view/1375/1178)
>    - Tkacz’s 2012 essay on the connections between the modern open
>    science movement and Karl Popper’s open society theories (
>    http://www.ephemerajournal.org/sites/default/files/12-4tkacz_0.pdf)
>    - And more.
>
>
>
> Best,
>
>
>
> Glenn
>
>
>
>
>
> *Glenn Hampson*
> *Executive Director*
> *Science Communication Institute (SCI)*
>
> *Program Director**Open Scholarship Initiative (OSI)*
>
> <image001.jpg>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> *From:* scholcomm-request at lists.ala.org <scholcomm-request at lists.ala.org> *On
> Behalf Of *David Wojick
> *Sent:* Friday, June 26, 2020 10:30 AM
> *To:* Kathleen Shearer <m.kathleen.shearer at gmail.com>
> *Cc:* Glenn Hampson <ghampson at nationalscience.org>; Rob Johnson <
> rob.johnson at research-consulting.com>; Heather Morrison <
> Heather.Morrison at uottawa.ca>; scholcomm at lists.ala.org; Global Open Access
> List (Successor of AmSci) <goal at eprints.org>; <
> RADICALOPENACCESS at jiscmail.ac.uk> <RADICALOPENACCESS at jiscmail.ac.uk>; The
> Open Scholarship Initiative <osi2016-25 at googlegroups.com>; Anis Rahman <
> abu_rahman at sfu.ca>
> *Subject:* Re: [SCHOLCOMM] Knowledge and Equity: analysis of three models
>
>
>
> Glenn is drawing upon lengthy discussions of the problem of multiple
> definitions that we have had at OSI. Looking back I find that I first wrote
> about this issue seven years ago:
>
>
> https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2013/11/11/open-access-on-the-sea-of-confusion/
>
>
>
> It might be better to call them concepts or models than definitions, but
> it remains that different people are calling for or allowing very different
> things as being open access. At one extreme we have, for example, the US
> Public Access Program, which is basically read only with a 12 month embargo
> for subscription articles. At another extreme we find born open with no
> restrictions on use. In between there are at least a dozen variations, many
> more if one counts small differences, like the CC BY variants.
>
>
>
> This wide ranging multiplicity of incompatible definitions is a very real
> obstacle to public policy.
>
>
>
> On a more distant topic, profit is a public good if it provides a public
> service. Food, for example.
>
>
>
> David Wojick
>
> Inside Public Access
>
>
> On Jun 26, 2020, at 1:55 PM, Kathleen Shearer <
> m.kathleen.shearer at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> 
>
> Glenn, all,
>
>
>
> I don’t think there really is a large variation in current definitions of
> open; but there are some stakeholders who want to slow progress, and use
> this as an excuse :-(
>
>
>
> The issue of diversity is an important one, although not in the way that
> it is expressed by Glenn, (which is diversity in stakeholders goals -
> profit vs public good), but diversity of needs, capacities, priorities,
> languages, formats in different fields and countries. And these diverse
> requirements *cannot be supported effectively by any one large
> centralized infrastructure*, which will tend to cater to the most well
> resourced users (or the majority).
>
>
>
> While there are some international infrastructures that are appropriate,
> the “global commons” should also be composed of many localized
> infrastructures and services that are governed by, and can respond to, the
> needs of those local communities; and then we must figure out how these
> infrastructures can be interoperable through adoption of common standards
> that will allow us to share and communicate at the global level.
>
>
>
> This requires finding a delicate balance, a balance that possibly the
> UNESCO discussions can help to progress.
>
>
>
> As a UNESCO Open Science Partner, COAR brings this perspective to the
> table (as I’m sure some others will too).
>
>
>
> All the best, Kathleen
>
>
>
>
>
> Kathleen Shearer
>
> Executive Director
>
> Confederation of Open Access Repositories (COAR)
>
> www.coar-repositories.org
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Jun 26, 2020, at 11:47 AM, Glenn Hampson <ghampson at nationalscience.org>
> wrote:
>
>
>
> Hi Heather, Anis, Rob,
>
>
>
> It’s also important to note the emerging UNESCO model, which will be
> presented to the UN General Assembly for consideration in late 2021. I
> suspect (and hope) this model will be more “polycentric” and “adaptive”
> than any of the current plans.
>
>
>
> As you know, many organizations have had an opportunity to submit comments
> on UNESCO’s plan; indeed, global consultations are still ongoing. OSI’s
> recommendations are listed here: https://bit.ly/2CL4Nm7. The executive
> summary is this: “Open” is a very diverse space. Not only do our
> definitions of open differ greatly, so too do our perceptions of the
> etymology of open (whether we use BOAI as the starting point or just one
> point among many). Also, critically, our open goals and motives differ
> greatly in this community; open progress and approaches vary by field of
> study; and different approaches have different focus points, principles,
> incentives, and financial considerations. In short, our challenge of
> creating a more open future for research defies one-size-fits all
> description, and it certainly defies one-size fits-all solution.
>
>
>
> Recognizing and respecting this diversity, OSI’s recommendations, which
> are based on five years of global consultations in collaboration with
> UNESCO, are that a just and workable global plan for the future of open
> must do the following:
>
>
>
>    - DISCOVER critical missing pieces of the open scholarship puzzle so
>    we can design our open reforms more effectively;
>    - DESIGN, build and deploy an array of much needed open infrastructure
>    tools to help accelerate the spread and adoption of open scholarship
>    practices;
>    - WORK TOGETHER on finding common ground perspective solutions that
>    address key issues and concerns (see OSI’s Common Ground policy paper for
>    more detail); and
>    - REDOUBLE OUR COLLECTIVE EFFORTS to educate and listen to the
>    research community about open solutions, and in doing so design solutions
>    that better meet the needs of research.
>
>
>
> In pursuing these actions, the international community should:
>
>
>
>    - Work and contribute together (everyone, including publishers);
>    - Work on all pieces of the puzzle so we can clear a path for open to
>    succeed;
>    - Discover missing pieces of information to ensure our efforts are
>    evidence-based;
>    - Embrace diversity. No one group has a perfect understanding of the
>    needs and challenges in this space, and different groups have different
>    needs and challenges.
>    - Develop big picture agreement on the goals ahead and common ground
>    approaches to meet these goals; and
>    - Help build UNESCO’s global open roadmap.
>
>
>
> Best regards,
>
>
>
> Glenn
>
>
>
>
>
> *Glenn Hampson*
> *Executive Director*
> *Science Communication Institute (SCI)*
>
> *Program Director**Open Scholarship Initiative (OSI)*
>
> <image004.jpg>
>
>
>
>
>
> *From:* scholcomm-request at lists.ala.org <scholcomm-request at lists.ala.org> *On
> Behalf Of *Rob Johnson
> *Sent:* Thursday, June 25, 2020 11:42 PM
> *To:* Heather Morrison <Heather.Morrison at uottawa.ca>;
> scholcomm at lists.ala.org; Global Open Access List (Successor of AmSci) <
> goal at eprints.org>; RADICALOPENACCESS at JISCMAIL.AC.UK
> *Cc:* Anis Rahman <abu_rahman at sfu.ca>
> *Subject:* RE: [SCHOLCOMM] Knowledge and Equity: analysis of three models
>
>
>
> Dear Heather (and Anis),
>
> Thanks for sharing this. I’ve also found Ostrom’s work on the commons
> helpful in assessing some of the emerging issues in this area, and you
> might be interested to read an article I wrote on Plan S and the commons,
> which also references Ostrom’s principles. I reached very similar
> conclusions to you, arguing that there would be a need for ‘polycentricity’
> and ‘adaptative governance’ for the Plan to succeed – echoing your
> observations on the value of collective choice, adaptation to local
> conditions and ‘nested enterprises’.
>
>
>
> Johnson, Rob. 2019. “From Coalition to Commons: Plan S and the Future of
> Scholarly Communication”. *Insights* 32 (1): 5. DOI:
> http://doi.org/10.1629/uksg.453
>
>
>
> Best wishes,
>
>
>
> Rob
>
>
>
> Rob Johnson
>
> *Director*
>
>
>
>  <image001.png>
>
>
>
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> *From:* scholcomm-request at lists.ala.org <scholcomm-request at lists.ala.org> *On
> Behalf Of *Heather Morrison
> *Sent:* 26 June 2020 01:16
> *To:* scholcomm at lists.ala.org; Global Open Access List (Successor of
> AmSci) <goal at eprints.org>; RADICALOPENACCESS at JISCMAIL.AC.UK
> *Cc:* Anis Rahman <abu_rahman at sfu.ca>
> *Subject:* [SCHOLCOMM] Knowledge and Equity: analysis of three models
>
>
>
> Abstract:
>
> The context of this paper is an analysis of three emerging models for
> developing a global knowledge commons. The concept of a ‘global knowledge
> commons’ builds on the vision of the original Budapest Open Access
> Initiative (2002) for the potential of combining academic tradition and the
> internet to remove various access barriers to the scholarly literature,
> thus laying the foundation for an unprecedented public good, uniting
> humanity in a common quest for knowledge. The global knowledge commons is a
> universal sharing of the knowledge of humankind, free for all to access
> (recognizing reasons for limiting sharing in some circumstances such as to
> protect individual privacy), and free for everyone qualified to contribute
> to. The three models are Plan S / cOAlition S, an EU-led initiative to
> transition all of scholarly publishing to an open access model on a short
> timeline; the Global Sustainability Coalition for Open Science Services
> (SCOSS), a recent initiative that builds on Ostrom’s study of the commons;
> and PubMedCentral (PMC) International, building on the preservation and
> access to the medical research literature provided by the U.S. National
> Institutes of Health to support other national repositories of funded
> research and exchange of materials between regions. The research will
> involve analysis of official policy and background briefing documents on
> the three initiatives and relevant historical projects, such as the
> Research Council U.K.’s block grants for article processing charges, the
> EU-led OA2020 initiative, Europe PMC and the short-lived PMC-Canada.
> Theoretical analysis will draw on Ostrom’s work on the commons, theories of
> development, under-development, epistemic / knowledge inequity and the
> concepts of Chan and colleagues (2011) on the importance of moving beyond
> north-to-south access to knowledge (charity model) to include
> south-to-south and south-to-north (equity model). This model analysis
> contributes to build a comparative view of transcontinental efforts for a
> global knowledge commons building with shared values of open access,
> sharing and collaboration, in contrast to the growing trend of
> commodification of scholarly knowledge evident in both traditional
> subscriptions / purchase-based scholarly publishing and in commercial open
> access publishing. We anticipate that our findings will indicate that a
> digital world of inclusiveness and reciprocity is possible, but cannot be
> taken for granted, and policy support is crucial. Global communication and
> information policy have much to contribute towards the development of a
> sustainable global knowledge commons.
>
> Full text: https://ruor.uottawa.ca/handle/10393/40664
>
> Cite as: Morrison, H. & Rahman, R. (2020). Knowledge and equity: analysis
> of three models. *International Association of Communication and Media
> Researchers (IAMCR) annual conference*, July 2020.
>
> Comments are welcome, either on list or on the blog:
>
>
> https://sustainingknowledgecommons.org/2020/06/26/knowledge-and-equity-analysis-of-three-models/
>
>
>
> best,
>
>
>
> Dr. Heather Morrison
>
> Associate Professor, School of Information Studies, University of Ottawa
>
> Cross-appointed, Department of Communication
>
> Professeur Agrégé, École des Sciences de l'Information, Université d'Ottawa
>
> Principal Investigator, Sustaining the Knowledge Commons, a SSHRC Insight
> Project
>
> sustainingknowledgecommons.org
>
> Heather.Morrison at uottawa.ca
>
> https://uniweb.uottawa.ca/?lang=en#/members/706
>
> [On research sabbatical July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020]
>
>
>
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