[GOAL] New Article "Open Science and Its Enemies: Challenges for a Sustainable Science–Society Social Contract" by VV Krishna

[anup kumar das]

*Open Science and Its Enemies: Challenges for a Sustainable Science–Society
Social Contract*
by Venni V. Krishna <vkrishna16 at hotmail.com>, *Journal of Open Innovation:
Technology, Market, and Complexity,* 2020, 6(3), 61;
https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6030061. E: vkrishna16 at hotmail.com
*Abstract*: Science as a social institution has evolved as the most
powerful, highly influential, and sought out institution after the
conflicts between science and religion following Galileo. Knowledge as a
public good, scientific peer review of science, the prominence of open
publications, and the emphasis on professional recognition and scientific
autonomy have been the hallmark of science in the past three centuries.
According to this scientific spirit, the scientific social system and
society formed a unique social contract. This social contract drew
considerable institutional and state legitimacy for the openness and public
good of science in the service of state and society, all through the
post-war period. Openness and public good of science are recognized and
legitimized by the scientific community and science agencies at the global
level. This paradigm of open science, in varying forms and manifestations,
contributed to the progress of systematic knowledge at the service of
humankind over the last three centuries. Entering the third decade of the
21st century, the social contract between science and society is undergoing
major changes. In fact, the whole paradigm of open science and its social
contract is being challenged by various “enemies” or adversaries such as
(a) market-based privatized commercial science, (b) industry 4.0 advanced
technologies, and (c) a “new iron curtain” on the free flow of science data
and information. What is at stake? Are there major changes? Is the very
social institution of science transforming? What impact will this have on
our contemporary and future sustainable society? These are some important
issues that will be addressed in this article.
*Keywords*: ethos of science; science and society social contract; open
science; industry 4.0; platform capitalism in science

*Download Full-Text <https://www.mdpi.com/2199-8531/6/3/61/pdf>
<https://www.mdpi.com/2199-8531/6/3/61/pdf>*

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Dr. Anup Kumar Das
Centre for Studies in Science Policy
School of Social Sciences
Jawaharlal Nehru University
New Delhi - 110067, India
Editor/ Book Review Editor, *Journal of Scientometric Research*
(JSCIRES.org)
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9490-7938
Web: www.anupkumardas.blogspot.com
Twitter: @AannuuppK | @IndiaSTS
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